1. Prosedur [Kembali]
- Siapkan
alat dan bahan seperti STM32 NUCLEO G474RE, STM32 Bluepill, PIR Sensor,
LED, resistor, breadboard, dan jumper.
- Rangkai
komponen sesuai gambar rangkaian pada modul serta hubungkan komunikasi
UART antara NUCLEO dan Bluepill.
- Buka
STM32CubeIDE lalu buat dua project yaitu Project_Nucleo dan
Project_Bluepill.
- Lakukan
konfigurasi GPIO dan USART1 sesuai pengaturan pada modul kemudian Generate
Code.
- Masukkan
listing program transmitter pada project NUCLEO dan listing program
receiver pada project Bluepill sesuai modul.
- Hubungkan
kedua board STM32 ke laptop menggunakan kabel USB.
- Build
dan Run program pada STM32CubeIDE.
- Uji PIR Sensor dan amati kondisi LED apakah bekerja sesuai program.
2. Hardware dan Diagram Blok [Kembali]
- ST-LINK
- Buzzer
- LED
- Resistor
- Push Button
Push button adalah komponen sakelar sederhana yang berfungsi untuk menghubungkan atau memutuskan aliran arus listrik dalam suatu rangkaian dengan cara menekan tombolnya. Pada penggunaan mikrokontroler, komponen ini berperan sebagai perangkat input digital yang bekerja berdasarkan prinsip logika high atau low, di mana status penekanannya dapat dibaca oleh pin GPIO atau digunakan untuk memicu mekanisme interrupt eksternal. Agar pembacaan sinyal tetap stabil dan terhindar dari kondisi floating, push button biasanya dikonfigurasi menggunakan resistor pull-up atau pull-down yang memastikan level tegangan input tetap berada pada kondisi logika yang jelas saat tombol tidak sedang ditekan.
- Breadboard
Breadboard adalah papan sirkuit tanpa solder yang digunakan sebagai media untuk merakit dan menguji purwarupa rangkaian elektronik secara sementara. Papan ini memiliki lubang-lubang koneksi yang terhubung secara internal (horizontal di bagian tengah dan vertikal di jalur daya samping) sehingga memudahkan pengguna untuk menghubungkan sensor, mikrokontroler, dan komponen lainnya dengan kabel jumper. Penggunaan breadboard sangat efisien dalam tahap pengembangan karena memungkinkan komponen untuk dilepas dan dipasang kembali dengan mudah tanpa merusak jalur sirkuit.
- PIR Sensor
Sensor PIR (Passive Infrared
Receiver) adalah perangkat elektronik yang berfungsi sebagai pendeteksi
gerakan dengan cara menangkap perubahan radiasi sinar inframerah panas yang
dipancarkan secara alami oleh objek seperti manusia atau hewan di area
cakupannya. Karena sifatnya yang pasif, sensor ini tidak memancarkan energi
sendiri melainkan hanya merespons fluktuasi suhu lingkungan yang terjadi saat
ada objek bergerak.
- OLED
Layar OLED pada rangkaian ini
adalah sebagai antarmuka visual (HMI) yang menampilkan status sistem secara
real-time melalui protokol komunikasi I2C. Dalam percobaan ini, OLED berperan
untuk memberikan konfirmasi visual kepada pengguna mengenai data yang sedang
diproses atau dikirim oleh Nucleo 1, seperti menampilkan indikator logika input
dari push button atau status transmisi UART, sehingga memudahkan proses
pemantauan arus kerja sistem tanpa harus bergantung pada serial monitor di
komputer.
3. Rangkaian Simulasi dan Prinsip Kerja [Kembali]
- Rangkaian
- Prinsip Kerja
4. Flowchart dan Listing Program [Kembali]
Flowchart program :
- Listing Program
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */ /** ************************************************************* ***************** * @file : main.c * @brief : Main program body ************************************************************* ***************** * @attention * * Copyright (c) 2026 STMicroelectronics. * All rights reserved. * * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file * in the root directory of this software component. * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS. * ************************************************************* ***************** */ /* USER CODE END Header */ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "main.h" /* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */ /* USER CODE END Includes */ /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */ /* USER CODE END PTD */ /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN PD */ /* USER CODE END PD */ /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN PM */ /* USER CODE END PM */ /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ COM_InitTypeDef BspCOMInit; UART_HandleTypeDef huart1; /* USER CODE BEGIN PV */ uint8_t pir_state; uint8_t data; /* USER CODE END PV */ /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ void SystemClock_Config(void); static void MX_GPIO_Init(void); static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void); /* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */ /* USER CODE END PFP */ /* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */ /* USER CODE END 0 */ /** * @brief The application entry point. * @retval int */ int main(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */ /* USER CODE END 1 */ /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */ HAL_Init(); /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */ /* USER CODE END Init */ /* Configure the system clock */ SystemClock_Config(); /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */ /* USER CODE END SysInit */ /* Initialize all configured peripherals */ MX_GPIO_Init(); MX_USART1_UART_Init(); /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */ /* USER CODE END 2 */ /* Initialize led */ BSP_LED_Init(LED_GREEN); /* Initialize USER push-button, will be used to trigger an interrupt each time it's pressed.*/ BSP_PB_Init(BUTTON_USER, BUTTON_MODE_EXTI); /* Initialize COM1 port (115200, 8 bits (7-bit data + 1 stop bit), no parity */ BspCOMInit.BaudRate = 115200; BspCOMInit.WordLength = COM_WORDLENGTH_8B; BspCOMInit.StopBits = COM_STOPBITS_1; BspCOMInit.Parity = COM_PARITY_NONE; BspCOMInit.HwFlowCtl = COM_HWCONTROL_NONE; if (BSP_COM_Init(COM1, &BspCOMInit) != BSP_ERROR_NONE) { } Error_Handler(); /* Infinite loop */ /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */ while (1) { } } /** pir_state = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_0); if (pir_state == GPIO_PIN_SET) data = '1'; else data = '0'; HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, &data, 1, 100); HAL_Delay(500); * @brief System Clock Configuration * @retval None */ void SystemClock_Config(void) { RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0}; RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0}; /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage */ HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1_ BOOST); /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure. */ RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI; RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON; RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV4; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 85; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2; if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks */ RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2; RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK; RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1; RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1; RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1; if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_4) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } } /** * @brief USART1 Initialization Function * @param None * @retval None */ static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */ huart1.Instance = USART1; huart1.Init.BaudRate = 9600; huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B; huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1; huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE; huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX; huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE; huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16; huart1.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE; huart1.Init.ClockPrescaler = UART_PRESCALER_DIV1; huart1.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT; if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } if (HAL_UARTEx_SetTxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_TXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } if (HAL_UARTEx_SetRxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_RXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } if (HAL_UARTEx_DisableFifoMode(&huart1) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */ } /** * @brief GPIO Initialization Function * @param None * @retval None */ static void MX_GPIO_Init(void) { } GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0}; /* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */ /* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */ /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */ __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE(); __HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE(); __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE(); __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE(); /*Configure GPIO pin : PA0 */ GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0; GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT; GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL; HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct); /* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */ /* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */ /* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */ /* USER CODE END 4 */ /** * @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence. * @retval None */ void Error_Handler(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */ /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */ __disable_irq(); while (1) { } /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */ } #ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT /** * @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number * where the assert_param error has occurred. * @param file: pointer to the source file name * @param line: assert_param error line source number * @retval None */ void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line) { /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */ /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number, ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */ /* USER CODE END 6 */ } #endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
2. Bluepill (receiver)
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */ /* USER CODE END Header */ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "main.h" /* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */ /* USER CODE END Includes */ /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */ /* USER CODE END PTD */ /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN PD */ /* USER CODE END PD */ /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN PM */ /* USER CODE END PM */ /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ UART_HandleTypeDef huart1; /* USER CODE BEGIN PV */ uint8_t rx_data; /* USER CODE END PV */ /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ void SystemClock_Config(void); static void MX_GPIO_Init(void); static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void); /* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */ /* USER CODE END PFP */ /* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */ /* USER CODE END 0 */ /** * @brief The application entry point. * @retval int */ int main(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */ /* USER CODE END 1 */ /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */ HAL_Init(); /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */ /* USER CODE END Init */ /* Configure the system clock */ SystemClock_Config(); /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */ /* USER CODE END SysInit */ /* Initialize all configured peripherals */ MX_GPIO_Init(); MX_USART1_UART_Init(); /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */ /* USER CODE END 2 */ /* Infinite loop */ /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */ while (1) { // Coba terima data (tidak blocking lama) if (HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, &rx_data, 1, 10) == HAL_OK) { if (rx_data == '1') { HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_SET); // LED ON } else if (rx_data == '0') { HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_RESET); // LED OFF } } else { } } // Kalau tidak ada data → LED kedip HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5); HAL_Delay(200); /* USER CODE END WHILE */ /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */ /* USER CODE END 3 */ } /** * @brief System Clock Configuration * @retval None */ void SystemClock_Config(void) GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_5 { /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure. */ RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI; RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON; RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE; if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks */ RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2; RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI; RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1; RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1; RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1; if RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0}; RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0}; (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK) { } } /** Error_Handler(); * @brief USART1 Initialization Function * @param None * @retval None */ static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */ huart1.Instance = USART1; huart1.Init.BaudRate = 9600; huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B; huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1; huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE; huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX; huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE; huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16; if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */ } /** * @brief GPIO Initialization Function * @param None * @retval None */ static void MX_GPIO_Init(void) { GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0}; /* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */ /* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */ /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */ __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE(); /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */ HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET); /*Configure GPIO pin : PA5 */ GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_5; GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP; GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL; GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW; HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct); /* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */ /* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */ } /* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */ /* USER CODE END 4 */ /** * @brief occurrence. This function is executed in case of error * @retval None */ void Error_Handler(void) { } /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */ /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */ #ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT /** * @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number * where the assert_param error has occurred. * @param file: pointer to the source file name * @param line: assert_param error line source number * @retval None */ void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line) { } /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */ /* USER CODE END 6 */ #endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
5. Video Demo [Kembali]
6. Kondisi [Kembali]
Percobaan 3
Buatlah rangkaian seperti pada gambar percobaan 3 Smart Entry Indicator sesuai dengan modul
7. Video Simulasi [Kembali]
8. Download File [Kembali]
- Download File Laporan Akhir (klik disini)
- Download Datasheet PIR Sensor (klik disini)
- Download Datasheet Resistor (klik disini)
- Download Datasheet LED (klik disini)
- Download Datasheet Buzzer (klik disini)
